我国钢铁工业能耗与大气污染物排放量

ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS OF CHINA’S IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY

分析了钢铁工业的能耗和大气污染物排放量。结果表明：钢铁工业的能耗、污染物排放量远高于工业部门平均水平；在钢铁工业内部，炼铁系统的污染最严重，能耗最高。１９９６年全国重点钢铁企业吨铁净能耗（标煤）为７０４ ｋｇ，其中２９．５ ％ 用于烧结和焦化工序，且在提高原料的理化性能之后，未得到充分回收和利用，是炼铁系统能耗高的一个重要原因。炼铁系统的颗粒物和ＳＯ２ 的排放量分别占钢铁工业总排放量的６８．２ ％和７３．７ ％ ，吨铁颗粒物和ＳＯ２ 的排放量分别为７．４ ｋｇ 和７．７ ｋｇ。但是，末端治理需要大量的投资和维护、运行费用，因此缩短生产流程、采用清洁生产是炼铁生产以至钢铁工业可持续发展的选择。

The energy consumption and atmospheric pollutants is analyzed The results indicate that both of that of iron and steel industry exceed that of whole industry average level In iron and steel industry,ironmaking consumes most energy and yields most pollutants The ironmaking's net energy consumption per ton pig iron of key iron and steel works is 704 kg,about 29 5 % of which is used for sinter and cokemaking and isn't reclaimed satisfactorily after enhancing the physical and chemical character of raw material This is one of the reasons why ironmaking system consumes so much energy Emission of particulate and SO 2 is 7 4 kg and 7 7 kg per ton iron,which makes particulate and SO 2 of ironmaking account for about 68 2 % and 73 3 % of those of iron and steel industry respectively However,because funds needed to solve this problem is too much,to shorten the process and realize clean production is the choice to make ironmaking and iron and steel industry sustainable development possible