从“对话”到“延异—播撒”——伽达默尔和德里达翻译文本意义产生机制理论之比较

From "Dialogue" to "Différance-Dissemination"—Contrasted Analysis of Gadamer's and Derrida's Theories on Meaning-Producing Mechanism of Translated Text

伽达默尔认为,翻译文本的意义是译者与文本之间对话的结果,而德里达则认为,翻译文本的意义是不确定的,只是外化为文字符号,并仅仅以踪印的踪印呈现出来,是无限"延异-播撒"的符号游戏。两种观点都反对结构主义翻译观,认同文本的意义具有开放性。它们的本质区别在于:伽达默尔认为文本的意义具有同一性,而德里达只强调永恒的意义的变动和中心的流散。同时,两种观点又各自存在着内部的冲突与张力以及外部的碰撞。

According to Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics,the meaning of a translated text results from the dialogue between the translator and the text.However,Derrida argues that the meaning of a translated text is uncertain and the meaning of the text is only represented externally by signs and appears only in forms of traces,which is a sign game of ＂difference-dissemination.＂ Both of the two theories object to the traditional structuralism translating theory and strongly believe that the meaning of a text is open.Their major difference is that while Gadamer claims that there is meaning identity in a text,Derrida only stresses the fluidity and de-centering of meaning in a text.Meanwhile,they all have their own inner conflict and tension as well as the external collision with each other.