仪式的功能与社会变迁分析

On Function of Ritual and Social Change

仪式是人类生活不可或缺的一部分,其在本质上展示和象征的是人与人的关系、人与自然的关系以及人的灵魂与肉体的关系,亦具有协调三种关系的功能。随着生产力的发展、社会的变迁,人与人的关系、人与自然的关系、人对自身的肉体与灵魂关系的理解都会发生改变,仪式的政治合法性构建功能、社会控制功能、文化功能以及经济功能也随之发生相应的变化。因此,运用仪式的功能时需要注意与社会的生产力水平相适应,与社会的规范相契合。

Ritual is an indispensable part of human being＇s life. It is presenting and symbolizing the relations of human and human, human and nature, human＇s soul and body essentially, also has the function of har- monizing the three species relations. With the expansion of the productive forces and the change of society, the relations of human and human, human and nature, and human＇s understanding about the relation of his own soul and body have changed. As a result, ritual＇s construction of politic legitimacy function, social control function, cultural function as well as the economical function have changed. Therefore, we need pay attention to adapting the social productive forces level and agreeing with the social norms when using the functions of ritual.