空间聚集、区域收敛与基本公共服务均等化

Spatial Concentration,Regional Convergence and Equalization of Basic Public Services

基于空间经济的聚集和分散现象,分析基本公共服务的空间特征,从支出角度论证三项基本公共服务的聚集和收敛性,认为地方经济发展水平的差异和二元经济结构是导致基本公共服务区域差距的重要原因。均等化的标准不仅表现在投入和产出水平,不同空间和时间有不同的偏好,而且效用水平一致才是实质。基本公共服务均等化需要发挥地方政府的积极性并转变职能,同时加强各级政府包括中央与地方政府间的转移支付,改革户籍和土地制度推动城市化发展。

This article analyzes the spatial characteristics of the basic public services based on the concentration and dispersal phenomenon in space economy. It demonstrates the existence of the spatial concentration and convergence in three basic public services, suggesting that different development levels of local economy and the dual economic structure are the major masons that lead to the regional differences in public services. The standards of equalization are represented not just in input and output levels and the different preference to time and space. The consistence to equal utility level is also the essence of the standard. An Equal access to basic public services needs the local government to play a progressive role and change its management functions; in the meantime, it needs the government to strengdten the transfer payment between both central and local government, to reform the residential and land system in order to promote the process of urbanization.