牛姆林自然保护区青钱柳的群落学研究

Community Research of Cyclocarya paliurua in Niumulin Nature Reserve

对福建省永春县牛姆林自然保护区青钱柳(Cyclocarya paliurua)天然林群落进行研究,分析其群落结构、物种多样性及群落动态。结果表明,群落垂直结构明显,可划分为乔木层、灌木层、草本层和层间植物4个层次。其中乔木层又划分为3个亚层,灌木层划分为2个亚层,主要树种华南吴茱萸(Euodia austrosinensis)与梨茶(Camellia octopetala)种群的水平分布格局为聚集分布,青钱柳与狗牙锥(Castanopsis fargesii)种群呈随机分布。根据Margalef指数、Menhinick指数、Shannon-wiener指数、Mclntoch指数分析,群落的物种多样性为灌木层>乔木层>草本层>层间植物,说明群落的多样性主要是由灌木层的物种数引起的。青钱柳的种群结构属于基部窄顶部宽的倒金字塔形结构,为衰退型种群,应加强对其种质资源的保护。

The natural forest community of Cyclocarya paliurua in Niumulin,Yongchun,Fujian were studied;and the community structure,species diversity and community dynamics were analysized.The results showed that the community vertical structure was quite obvious and could be divided into four layers,tree layer,shrub layer,herb layer and plant among the layers.Among them,the tree layer was divided into three sub layers;and shrub layer was divided into two sub layers.The main population of Cyclocarya paliurua and Camellia latilimba presented aggregated distribution;and the population of Castanopsis fargesii and Castanopsis fargesii presented random distribution.The order of the species＇ diversity index were shrub layer tree layer herb layer plant among the indicating that the diversity of community was mainly caused by the species of the shrub layer.The community structure of Cyclocarya paliurua presented inverse pyramid structure,which indicated that it was a recession population and should strengthen the resources protection.