基于群体遗传进化机制的产品族设计

Product Family Design Based on Mechanism of Population Evolution

为快速响应细分市场中客户的个性化需求,运用生物进化理论建立了产品族进化设计过程模型.在定义产品基因、产品等位基因概念的基础上,建立了4层结构体系的新产品族遗传结构.通过定量分析市场客户需求和产品生产效率,构建了产品族在市场环境中的客户需求维度适应度模型和在设计制造环境中的生产效率维度适应度模型,并提出了支持整个产品族进化的多方向进化演变算法.以轿车产品族设计为例的产品族进化演变过程模拟结果表明:产品族经过20代进化后,最终形成了分别满足小型、紧凑型及中型轿车3个细分市场需求且具有较高生产效率的最优产品族,本文提出的产品族进化设计方法能有效地满足细分市场中客户的个性化需求.

In order to attain a rapid response to customers＇ individualized needs in market segments, a process model of product family evolutionary design was established according to the biological evolutionism. Based on the definitions of product genes and product allelie genes, a new four-layer product family genetic structure was built. In addition, product family fitness models in two dimensions, i. e. , customer needs in marketplace and production efficiency in design and manufacture environment, were constructed by quantitative analysis of customer needs in market and the production efficiency. Meanwhile, a muhi-directional evolution algorithm that supports the whole product family evolution was proposed. Taking a car product family design for example, simulation results of the product family evolutionary process show that after 20 generations, the product family develops into the optimal solution which meets the needs in small, compact and medium car market segments and has high product efficiency. Therefore, the method proposed for product family evolutionary design can effectively meet customers＇ individualized needs in market segments.