基于CFD的客车空气动力学分析

Passenger Car Aerodynamics Analysis Based on CFD

为了解决客车在高速行驶时,气动阻力急剧增加,耗油量增加的问题,针对某国产大型客车的简化模型及改进模型,应用计算流体力学原理和方法对模型的外流场进行了数值模拟,得到了两种客车模型的表面压力分布、速度矢量分布以及气动阻力系数等气动特性.对比分析表明:增大前围与顶部的圆角可以降低客车气动阻力,但是对后部流场影响很小.

With the average speed of passenger cars increasing dramatically, especially in high speed, aerodynamic drag of the passenger cars increases rapidly, and fuel consumption increases. A numerical simu- lation of flow field on a simplified model and an improved model of a China - made large passenger was con- ducted using principles and methods of computational fluid dynamics. Such aerodynamic characteristics of two passenger car models were obtained as surface pressure distribution, velocity vector distribution and aerody- namic drag coefficient. Comparative analysis showed increasing the fillet of the front wall and the top could re- duce the aerodynamic drag but had little effeclL on the rear of the flow field.