ASME PTC4-1998标准基于燃料高位和低位发热量计算结果之间的关系分析

Relation analysis of calculation results between high calorific value boiler efficiency and low heat value boiler efficiency on ASME PTC4-1998 standard

目前我们国家在进行电站锅炉性能试验或性能考核试验时,大多数都采用美国标准ASME进行性能试验并要求采用燃料低位发热量计算锅炉热效率,而ASME标准则要求采用燃料高位发热量计算锅炉热效率,这样就有了高低位热效率的区分。所以,为了准确把握锅炉性能,必须准确掌握目前锅炉热效率的计算方法,本文首先论述了最新标准ASME PTC4-1998标准锅炉热效率的计算方法,进而分析了该标准高低位热效率在计算中的差异,其区别主要在于燃料中水分热损失和燃料中氢燃烧生成水分热损失,最后推导出该标准高低位热效率及各项热损失以及外来热量之间的转换公式,并用计算实例表明该转换公式具有较高的精确度。从而为锅炉技术人员准确把握锅炉性能提供一定的指导。

Now,in our country most of generating stations use unite states standard ASME to conduct boiler performance test and compute thermal efficiency using the fire coal lower calorific value in boiler performance tests or boiler performance assessment test.While the ASME require us to compute thermal efficiency using the fire coal gross calorific value,so there would be distinction of high thermal efficiency and low thermal efficiency.Therefore,to accurately grasp the boiler performance our must master the calculation method of the newest boiler heat efficiency,first,this text discusses the computing method of boiler thermal efficiency on the ASME PTC4-1998 standards,and then,analyzing the difference of boiler thermal efficiency using the and lower calorific value in the calculation process,finally,this text would give the transformation formula of boiler thermal efficiency and each heat loss based on gross calorific value and lower calorific value,the example shows that the conversion equation has a high precision,the article can offer guidance for boiler technical personnel to hold boiler performance accurately.