血液辐照仪的防护性能检测与安全分析

Safety analysis and testing on the protective performances of a blood irradiator

目的掌握血液辐照仪的放射防护状况,为血液辐照工作的安全有效开展提供指导。方法以1台拟投入使用的XHBRI-1000型血液辐照仪为研究对象,按照相应的技术规程对设备的防护性能指标和安全设施系统进行查验和分析。结果初装血液辐照仪静止状态下的泄漏辐射水平偏高,改进局部屏蔽后,静止状态和工作状态时设备表面的最高泄漏辐射剂量率分别为0.62μSv/h和0.17μSv/h,满足出厂指标和相关技术标准要求;设备的辐射安全设施符合"故障-安全"原则,具有多层次的纵深防御体系。结论该血液辐照仪的局部屏蔽改进措施是合理而有效的,但在常规运行操作中应严格遵守操作规程,进行经常性的自检自查,防止发生辐射安全事故。

Objective To master the status of radiation protection of a blood irradiator so as to provide guidance in blood irradiating safely and efficiently. Methods A blood in＇adiator typed XHBRI-1000 was used as the study object. Both the protective performances and safety facilities of the apparatus were tested and analyzed in terms of the relative technical regulations. Results Although the leakage radiation level in idle state emitted from the blood irradiator was higher than the expected value at its initial installation, the maximum leakage radiation dose rate fi＇om surface of the facility met the requirements of leaving factory parameters and corresponding technical criteria after a certain local shielding compensating measure operating on it. The actual leakage values was 0. 62μSv/h （ in idle state） and 0. 17μSv/h （ in blood irradiating state） respectively. In addition, the radiation safety facilities which were consistent with the principles of fault-safety were qualified with multilayer depth defending system. Conclusion It was shown that the measure of local shielding renewal of the blood irradiator was reasonable and eftective, but complying with operation regulations strictly and conducting self-examination frequently in the course of routine manipulation were necessary to prevent against radiation accident.