“公共精神”的合理回归——从“效率中心”取向到“民主价值”取向的转换

Rational Return of the Public Spirit:A Shift from Maximum Efficiency to Democratic Value

从公共行政学产生至今,各种思想流派不断涌现,呈现出或"效率至上",或"民主价值"的价值取向。究其根本,公共行政学的发展历程就是管理主义与宪政主义的博弈过程。当代公共行政学领域,新兴的行政学思想都体现了从"效率中心"向"民主价值"的转换,公共精神的重要性也逐步体现。效率促进了人类的进步,民主则标志着人类的进步。各国的行政体制改革都体现了这一价值转变,这是公共行政最根本价值的体现,是"公共精神"的合理回归。

From the beginning of the public administration science up to now, many trends of thoughts turn up, showing either an efficiencyor democracy-oriented value. This is because the development in the science of public administration is a process of game between managerialism and constitutionalism. In the modern public administration science, the newly emerging thoughts reflect a shift from ＂maximum efficiency＂ to ＂democratic value＂ , and the importance of the public spirit appears gradually. While democracy marks the advancement of the mankind, efficiency promotes it. This conversion can be seen in the administrative reforms of various countries. This is a realization of the most fundamental value of the public administration and a rational return of the public spirit.