我国卫生服务公平性问题的研究与展望

Study and Prospects on the Equality of Health Service in China

20世纪90年代开始,我国调整了卫生事业发展战略,个人承担的卫生费用大幅度增长。由于社会政治、经济、卫生等体制性障碍;卫生资源严重短缺;政府宏观调控职能缺失等原因使得卫生资源在城乡、地区与人群之间的分配与利用不公平性日益严峻。文章在呼吁各级政府增加公共卫生财政投入比重基础上,推进和深化包括户籍制度、公共财政制度、公共服务制度等制度改革;强化政府宏观调控职能;优化卫生资源配置结构;提高乡镇、社区基层医院的医疗能力和水平是增强我国卫生服务公平性的必然路径。

In the 1990s China has adjusted its strategy of public health service development, resulting in a substantial increase in personal health cost. The allocation and utilization of health resources between urban and rural areas, between different regions and between different people have become increasingly severe unfair due to the institutional barriers of social polity, economy and health; a serious shortage of health resources; imperfect government macro-cantrol function. This paper firstly appeals to all levels of government to increase public health financial investment proportion, then gives strong emphasis on advancing and deepening of the reform in the household registration system, public finance, public service system; strengthening the government＇s macro-control function; optimizing the structure of allocation of health resources; improving the township and community medical ability and level at primary hospitals and clinics, believing all these are the effective ways for China to enhance the fairness of health services.