第三部门投入农村义务教育的制约因素研究

Research on Constraint Factors of the Third Sector's Investigation in Rural Compulsory Education

基于公共产品供给理论,除政府、市场外,第三部门也是义务教育应然的投入主体。目前,我国第三部门对农村义务教育的投入虽在近几年有增加的趋势,但投入总量少、波动大、占学校经费构成的比例小。第三部门投入农村义务教育受经济水平欠发达、捐赠交易成本高、捐赠收益低、第三部门缺失、第三部门失灵、税收减免政策激励效应弱和慈善文化发展滞后等因素的制约。完善相关制度环境,构建第三部门投入农村义务教育的联动机制是补充义务教育经费、推动我国农村义务教育事业发展的有效途径。

Abstract： According to the public product theory, besides government and market, the third sector is also the channel to invest in compulsory education. Reality shows that although there is a trend of increase in rural compulsory education＇ investment from the third sector, the gross is small and fluctuate which accounts for a small proportion in rural school funds. The third sector＇s investigation in rural compulsory education is constrained by the undeveloped economy, high transaction cost of donation, low return of donation, shortage of the third sector , failure of the third sector, weak incentive effect of tax relief policy and lag of charitable culture. The key point to promoting the third sector＇s input to deal with the problem of inadequate funds for rural compulsory education is to form a good institutional environment and establish the effective linkage mechanisms.