日本职业教育促进产业发展的经验及其借鉴

On the Experiences of Japanese Vocational Education to Promote Industrial Development and Its Reference

日本职业教育通过系统的职教立法,为职业教育促进产业发展保驾护航;与经济发展相适应,坚持以产业结构调整为导向;职业教育体系完善,专业设置紧契产业发展需求;推动企业内部职业教育发展,为产业发展提供原动力;产学紧密合作,实现产业界和学校的互利互惠;终身职业教育理念,使员工更好地适应产业的发展。实现我国职业教育促进产业发展,应加快立法工作,实现职业教育的法制化;发挥各自优势,推动职业教育办学规范化;强化政策引导,推进企业内部职业教育普及化;推动校企合作,实现产学合作互补化;完善农村职教,推进城乡职业教育一体化;缩小职教差距,实现区域职教特色化;转变职教观念,实现职业教育终身化。

Through systematic vocational education legislation, vocational education in Japan is safeguarded in promoting industrial development; in order to fit in the economic development, industrial structural adjustment is insisted as the orientation; with perfect vocational educational system, specialty set-up is closely related with the demand of industrial development; it offers motive power for industrial development by pushing forward the enterprise internal vocational education development; it realizes the mutual benefit and reciprocity of industrial circles and schools by close ~＇ooperalion of pruduction and learning; and its lifelong vot：ational education concepts make staff better adapt the industrial development~ However, our vocational education legislation lags behind, the ability of vocational education to promote industrial development is insufficient; vocational education is out of line with industry, and the contribution rate ~f w^eationa] education to economic growth is to be improved; vocational education system is single, as a result, the problems in the vocational school running are to be solved; the cooperation of production and learning is insufficient, sothat the interaction of w^cational education and industrial development is to be upgraded; the vocational education in enterprise is vacant so that the motivational role of vocational education for enterprise is to he intensified; vocational education for farmers is vacant so that the scarcity of agricultural industrial talents is to be solved; the vocational education is real-distributed so that the characteristics of regional vocational education is to be highlighted~ In order to realize our vocational education to promote industrial development, we should speed up legislation work, realize vocational education legislation; exert the advantages to push fbrward the standardization of vocational school running; strengthen policy guidance to promote the universalization of the enterprise internal vocational education; push forward cooperation of school and enterprise to realize the complementation of production and learning; perfect rural vocational education to push forward the integration of urban and rural vocational education; narrow the gap of vocational education to realize the characteristic regional vocational education; and change the concepts of vocational education to realize the lifelong w^cational education.