固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定木制家具中氯酚类及菊酯类防腐剂

Determination of chlorophenol and pyrethroid preservatives in wooden furniture by solid phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

建立了固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱(SPE-GC-MS)检测含氯酚类化合物(2,4-二氯苯酚、2,4,6-三氯苯酚、2,4,5-三氯苯酚、2,3,4,6-四氯苯酚、五氯苯酚、林丹)和菊酯类化合物(氯菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯)等10种木材防腐剂的方法。对家具样品采用超声萃取法、以甲醇为提取剂在室温下反复提取2次,提取液经浓缩后,加入碳酸钾和乙酰酐衍生化,将衍生化后的溶液通过Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化,用乙酸乙酯洗脱并收集检测。采用该方法实现了家具中10种木材防腐剂的分离检测,该方法中氯酚类防腐剂定量限为1 mg/kg、菊酯类防腐剂定量限为5 mg/kg,平均回收率为76.0%～108.8%。应用该方法对市场上销售的木制家具进行了检测,在部分家具中检出含有少量林丹。实验结果证明,该方法准确、灵敏,可有效地应用于木制家具中防腐剂的实际检验工作中。

A method for the determination of 10 wood preservatives of chlorophenols （2,4- dichlorophenol, 2,4,6- trichlorophenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol, pen- tachlorophenol, lindane ） and pyrethroids （ permethrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, delta- methrin） in furniture by solid phase extraction （SPE） coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） was developed. The furniture samples were extracted twice by ultra- sonic extraction in methanol. The extract was then evaporated and acetylated by the acetic anhydride and potassium carbonate. Finally the reaction solution was purified by Oasis HLB SPE column. The wood preservatives were eluted by ethyl acetate and collected for analysis by GC-MS. The ten wood preservatives can be separated and determined successfully by this method. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of the six chlorophenol com- pounds were l mg/kg, and the four pyrethroid compounds were 5 mg/kg, and the spiked recoveries of the l0 wood preservatives in samples were in the range of 76.0% - 108.8%. Forty commercial wooden furniture samples were tested and lindane was found in some samples. The results showed that the method is accurate, rapid and sensitive. It can be effectively used to analyze the wood preservatives in wooden furniture.