护士焦虑状态及其相关因素的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of the anxious condition of nurses and correlative factors

目的了解护士焦虑状况及其相关因素，并明确相关因素与焦虑水平的关系，以帮助管理阶层以及护士本人正确认识压力与焦虑的关系，从而设法从根本上控制、解决护士焦虑问题，提高护士身心健康、工作效率和护理质量。方法采用问卷调查法，对85名哈尔滨市某医院临床护士的焦虑、生活事件、工作压力源以及它们之间的关系进行调查，并对结果进行分析。结果85名护士中有30人被检出有焦虑（焦虑组），另55人无焦虑（非焦虑组），2组临床护士生活事件量表各项目比较，在自己或爱人怀孕、家庭增添新成员、子女管教困难、失窃、财产损失、夫妻分居、生活规律有重大改变、本人重病或重伤方面比较差异有统计学意义。在护士工作压力源量表中，2组护理专业及工作方面的问题、工作量及时间分配的问题、环境及资源方面的问题、患者护理方面的问题情况比较有显著差异。护士工作压力源与护士焦虑水平成显著正相关。结论建议从管理角度减少或消除护士工作压力源，并对护士自我调节能力做相关培训，必要时引入生物反馈疗法。

Objective To explore the anxious condition of nurses and correlative factors, and to ex- plore the relationship between the nurses＇ anxiety and the correlative factors, so that can help the manage- ment echelon and nurses to correctly understand the relationship of anxiety and pressure, and control and handle the anxiety problem of nurses： fundamentally, and improve the physical and mental health, work effi- ciency and nursing quality of nurses. Methods A questionnaire investigation was conducted in 85 nurses from a certain hospital in Harbin about the anxiety, life events, work stressor and the relationship between them. Results 30 nurses had anxiety（the anxiety group）, another 55 nurses showed no anxiety（the non- anxiety group）. The comparison of items in life events inventory showed that great difference existed in I pregnancy, addition of new family members, the difficulty of training their children, property damage or be- ing stolen, living apart with the spouse, magnificent changes of the life style, having got severe illness or wound. In the aspect of work stressor scale, professional and career issues, workload and allocation of time, working environment, patient care and interaction showed significant difference. The work pressure was signifi- cantly associated with the level of anxiety. Conclusions Our findings suggest that effective stress manage- ment strategies should be implemented to reduce or eliminate work pressure of nurses, carry out training to im- prove the self-regulation ability of nurses, and if necessary biofeedback therapy can be introduced.