论孙中山晚年农民土地思想——以共产国际和苏共的解密档案为中心

Sun Yat-sen's Thoughts of Farm and Land in His Later Years——Based on the Decrypted Files of the Comintern and the Soviet Communist Party

苏联解体后解密的共产国际、联共(布)与中国革命档案资料在相当程度上反映了孙中山的农民土地思想,是研究孙中山农民土地思想的重要视角。档案显示:孙中山晚年认为农民是中国革命的基础,但农民尚没有很好的组织和力量,难以对抗地主民团。孙中山也完全不同意共产国际提出的"分配地主土地给农民"的激进土地革命政策,而是坚持以税收和赎买来消除土地占有和土地使用中的不公正现象。

The decrypted files of the Communist International Union （Bolsheviks） after the disintegration of former Soviet Union and the Chinese revolution archives reflect Sun Yat - sen＇s thoughts of farm and land to a certain extent. The files are important considering the study of Sun＇s thoughts on farm and land in his later years. As the files show, Sun Yat - sen in his later years considered the farmers the basis of the Chinese revolution though they were not well organized and not strong enough. It was diffi- cult to fight against the landlord militia. Sun also completely disagreed with the Communist International＇s radical policy of ＂dis- tributing land from landlords to the peasants＂. Sun Yat - sen adhered to eliminating the injustice of land tenure and use with ta- xes redemption.