多种交通方式下的城市空间分配

On the Allocation of City Space to Multiple Transport Modes

从集计角度分析了运行多种交通方式的城市交通系统。利用目前已受关注的宏观基本图(简称MFD),描述城市交通的整体特性。以旧金山某区为例,使用现有数据,通过仿真论证如何应用MFD监管真实交通网络。然后讨论了同一路网中不同交通方式间如何相互作用,以及如何将这些作用纳入包含多种交通方式路网的MFD。研究得到的两个主要结论是:1)证实了已有研究猜想——对市区拥挤区域限行,可提高包括被限行者在内的所有出行者的机动性;2)为公交方式提供专用道路空间可提高所有交通方式的可达性。

This paper analyzes urban multimodal transportation systems in an aggregated way. To describe the aggregate behavior of traffic in cities, use is made of an idea that is now receiving some attention： the macroscop ic fundamental diagram （MFD）. We demonstrate through simulation how the MFD can be used to monitor and control a real network, in this case a portion of San Francisco, using readily available input data. We then show how different modes interact on the same network and discuss how these interactions might be incorporated into an MFD for multimodal networks. The work unveils two main results： first, it confirms recent results showing that restricting access to a city＇ s congested areas can improve mobility for all travelers, including those who endure the restrictions; and second, that dedicating street space to collective transportation modes can improve ac cessibility for all modes, even those from which space is taken away.