广州市公共场所集中空调冷却水冷凝水军团菌污染调查

Survey of Legionella pollution of the central air-conditioning in public places of Guangzhou

目的:2009年-2010年对全市范围内约80家亚运接待酒店、地铁、比赛场馆和展览馆进行冷却水和冷凝水进行调查。方法:依据《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》(2006)进行军团菌检测。结果:2009年158宗水样,冷却水、冷凝水嗜肺军团菌检出率分别为42.24%、4.73%;2010年168宗水样,冷却水、冷凝水嗜肺军团菌检出率分别为31.53%、1.75%,血清分型以Lp1型Lp14型为主,两年检出率差异有统计学意义;接待酒店、地铁冷却水的检出率较高,分别是34.21%、53.28%;冷却水中冬春季与夏秋季检出率差异有统计学意义。结论:广州市公共场所集中空调冷却水、冷凝水军团菌污染不容乐观,尤其是地铁、酒店。

Objective：To investigate the cooling water and condensate water of about 80 public places（including hotels,metros,playing field and exhibition hall） in Guangzhou during 2009-2010.Methods：Based on ＂Hygienic practices for air conditioning ventilation systems in public places＂（2006）,Legionella in water samples was tested.Results：In 2009,158 water samples were detected,the positive rate of cooling water was 42.24%,the positive rate of condensate water was 4.73%;In 2010,168 water samples were detected,the positive rate of cooling water was 31.53%,the positive rate of condensate water was 1.75%;The serum types were mainly Lp1 and Lp4.The difference of the positive rates between two years was statistically significant.The Legionella pneumophila positive rates in cooling water of the hotels and metro were higher than others,the rates were 34.21% and 53.28%.The Legionella pneumophila positive rate in cooling water in winter and spring was lower than that in summer and autumn,the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion：The Legionella contamination condition in cooling water and condensate water of the central air-conditioning in public places was not optimistic,especially in the metro and hotels.