糖尿病肾病血液透析患者营养状况分析

Nutritional status analysis of diabetic nephropathy patients with hemodialysis

目的观察2型糖尿病肾病血液透析患者的营养状况及影响因素。方法选择15例终末期糖尿病肾病行维持性血液透析患者,记录其7 d的饮食种类和量,检测透析充分性、人体学及实验室有关指标。结果蛋白质、热能的摄入量显著低于推荐量,且摄入充分组的营养指标明显高于不充分组(P<0.05),透析充分组的营养指标明显高于不充分组(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病肾病血液透析患者营养不良发生率较高,与摄入不足、胃肠道消化吸收功能减退、糖尿病本身高分解、透析不充分等因素有关。

Objective To observe the nutritional status of hemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy and its affecting factors.Methods Fifteen end-stage diabetic nephropathy patients with continous hemodialysis were selected.Both type and amount of diet of the patients in 7 days were recorded in detail,the thoroughness of hemodialisis and indexes related to somatology and laboratory were detected.Results Both protein intake and thermal energy intake of these patients were remarkably lower than recommended intake.And nutritional indexes（Hb,Alb,PA） of patients with enough intake were obviously higher than those of patients who had not enough intake（P〈0.05）.Nutritional indexes（Alb,PA,TF）of thoroughly dialyzed patients were significantly higher than those of not thoroughly dialyzed patients（P〈0.05）.Conclusion There was a high morbidity of malnutrition in diabetic nephropathy patients with hemodialysis,which was related to low nutrition intake,deterioration of digestive and absorptive functions of gastrointestinal system,high analytical metabolism,and not thorough dialysis.