生机与汇流:民族文化交融中的辽金元诗歌

Vitality and confluence:Liao,Jin and Yuan poetry in national culture fusion

辽、金、元三代诗歌创作是中国诗歌史上不可分割的一个重要段落,也是为中国诗歌史带来活泼生机与特殊样态的独特存在。广义的辽金元诗歌,包括了诗、词、曲这几种不同的诗歌样式,它们并不是既成的东西,而是在生成和发展之中呈现出的状貌。以狭义的诗来看,辽金元诗歌是呈现了一个由生新走向成熟的过程,但它不同于以往的生新与成熟,它们裹挟进相当多的新质——文化的新质。文章还从民族文化的角度探讨辽金元诗歌研究的新意,指出辽、金、元三代诗歌的发展都是文化交融与互动的结果。具体可概括为:辽诗展现的是面目生新的样态;金诗在流变中发展;元诗在文化汇流中完善。作为诗的大家族中的重要成员的散曲和词,在金、元时期开拓了前所未有的局面,词曲作为一种新兴的诗歌样式,足以使元代在文学史上熠熠生辉。

Poetry creation in Liao, Jin and Yuan of Chinese poetry, invested Chinese poetry with dynasties, an inseparably important part in the history animated vitality and uniqueness. Liao, Jin and Yuan poetry in its broad sense includes various poetry forms of poem, Ci and Qu. They are not anything es- tablished, but something appearing in the process of their formation and development. In a narrow sense, Liao, Jin and Yuan poetry went from novelty to maturity. But this process is different from that in the past in that much new quality--quality of culture--were integrated. New significance of Liao, Jin and Yuan poetry study was pointed out from the perspective of national culture. This poetry develop- ment is the result of culture fusion and interaction. Specifically speaking, Liao poetry is fresh in style; Jin＇s developes in changes; Yuan＇s is perfected in culture confluence. Ci and Qu, as important members of poetry family, made an unprecedented look in Jin and Yuan dynasties. Ciqu, a novel poetry style, makes Yuan Dynasty glorious in literary history.