重稀土耐热镁合金的研究现状及发展

Research and Development of Heat Resistant Magnesium-Heavy Rare Earth Alloys

重稀土元素在金属镁中有较大的固溶度,且固溶度随温度的降低急剧减小,热处理后固溶强化及时效强化效果明显,因此,重稀土耐热镁合金成为研究的热点。重点介绍了Mg-Y、Mg-Gd、Mg-Ho几种重稀土耐热镁合金及其研究现状,分析了Y、Gd、Ho重稀土元素的性质,在耐热镁合金中的作用及强化镁合金的机理,总结了重稀土耐热镁合金在应用中存在的问题,并对其发展及应用提出了具体看法。

The heavy rare earth（HRE） elements have large solubility in Mg matrix at high temperature and rapid decrease with lowering temperature. The Mg-HRE alloys show remarkable solution strengthening and age-hardening response after heat processing, and are considered as the most promising heat resistance Mg alloys. The current researches of Mg-Y, Mg-Gd and Mg-Ho alloys are introduced, the characteristics of Y, Gd and Ho element, the effects of HRE in Mg and strengthening mechanism of magnesium alloys are analyzed, and the problems of Mg-HRE alloys in application are discussed. The developments and applications of Mg-HRE alloys are also prospected.