西北农村不同民族之间糖尿病患病情况分析

Prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in different ethnic groups in the countryside of northwest China

目的了解西北农村回、汉民族糖尿病及其前期的患病情况和可能的影响因素。方法通过整群随机抽样确定调查人群,经手指血空腹、餐后2 h血糖初筛后确定高危人群,在高危人群中进行标准75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验(oral glucose tolerancetest,OGTT),确定糖尿病及其前期阶段的患病人群。通过"糖尿病流行病学调查表"对抽样对象进行问卷调查,了解基本人口学资料,并进行统计分析。结果降低空腹血糖的切入点至5.6 mmol/L后发现,糖尿病及其前期患病情况在民族(P=0.001)、性别(P=0.047)和年龄分布(P=0.001)等方面差异有统计学意义。不同民族和性别的患者糖尿病及其前期阶段患病情况不同,回族患者女性高于男性(P=0.022)、汉族患者男性高于女性(P=0.001)。回族患者糖尿病标准化患病率(5.87%)高于汉族患者(3.07%)。结论不同民族的患者糖尿病及其前期的患病情况在性别、年龄分布上差异有统计学意义,生活习惯不同可能为重要因素。被调查人群的糖尿病相关知识知晓率普遍较低。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in different ethnic groups in the countryside of northwest China, and the possible risk factors. Methods After stratified sampling, the study was performed in all the subjects. Level of fasting blood glucose（ PBG 2h） and 2hr postprandial blood glucose were measured in all the participants using Roche＇s superior blood glucose meter. The FBG higher than 5.60 mmol/L （105mg/dl） and PBG2h higher than 7.8 mmol/L （140 mg/dl） were performed a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Questionnaire for diabetes epidemiologieal study was used to record the detail of all the subjects. Results The fasting blood glucose starting point was reduced to 5.6 rnmol/L, and it was found that there were significant differences of diabetes and pre- diabetes in different ethnic groups （P =0.00l ） and gender （P = 0.047 ）. There were significant difference in the prevalence in different gender groups in both Hui （P =0. 022） and Han group （P =0.001 ）. The standardized prevalence of diabetes was higher in Hui （5.87%） than in Han （3.07%）. Condttsion There were significant differences in diabetes and pre-diabetes in different ethnic groups, gender, and age. The habits in life of different ethnic groups were possible risk factors. The awareness rate was lower in all the subjects.