恐惧心理对口腔门诊病人就诊行为和服务需求的影响

Influence of dental fear on patient behavior and oral care needs

目的:调查影响口腔门诊病人产生恐惧心理的相关因素,分析恐惧心理对就诊行为以及就诊服务需求的影响。方法:采用系统抽样的方式按照纳入标准选取831名口腔门诊病人作为问卷调查对象,问卷内容包括人口统计学资料、就诊心理状态、就诊行为、对服务舒适度需求等。结果:831人中有恐惧心理503人(60.5%),其中男性173人,女性330人,男女之间有显著性差异(P<0.05);有无恐惧心理在不同年龄、不同职业、不同受教育程度人群中也有显著性差异(P<0.05);有、无恐惧心理两组人群在定期口腔检查、按时复诊两个就诊行为中有显著性差异(P<0.05);在就诊前是否了解医生情况方面无显著差异;两组人群对就诊过程中与服务舒适度相关的因素感到不安的程度由高到低依次均为①牙钻声、②出血、③气味、④灯光、⑤体位,各因素不安程度有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:恐惧心理在口腔门诊大多数病人中存在,其形成与性别、年龄、职业、受教育程度相关;与无恐惧心理人群相比,有恐惧心理人群更难定期口腔检查,但更容易按时复诊,对就诊服务舒适度的潜在需求明显增高。

AIM： To investigate the effects of dental fear on patient behavior when seeing a dentist and on patient needs when seeking dental care. METHODS： Eight hundred and thirty-one patients who met the inclusion cri- teria from Huadu Maternal ＆ Child Health Care Hospital of Guangzhou were included in this study. Subjects were asked to fill a self-reported questionnaire. Questions in the questionnaire included demographic information, psycho- logical state, patient behavior, and dental service needs. RESULTS： Among the 831subjects, 503 （173 male, 330 female） reported dental fear, a significant gental difference was found. Age, occupation, and education level also showed significant influence on dental fear （P 〈 0.05）. Patients with dental fear were less frequently to see a dentist （ P 〈 0.05 ）. When seeing a dentist, the sound of drilling, bleeding, odor, dental light and body position were the fac- tors that patients were most concerned about. Patients with dental fear were more concerned with these factors than pa- tients without dental fear. CONCLUSION ： Dental fear was related with gender, age, occupation and education level. Patitens with dental fear were less frequently to see a dentist and were less punctural at appointments with dentists. Pa- tients with dental fear showed higher degree of requirement for comfort.