硝基苯法生产4-氨基二苯胺职业病防护设施评价

Occupational protection investigation of 4-aminodiphenylamine production with nitrobenzene method

目的调查了解硝基苯法生产4-氨基二苯胺存在的职业病危害因素对职工健康的影响。方法通过现场调查、检测和职业健康检查,对职业病防护设施运行效果进行分析。结果对生产过程中存在的苯胺、硝基苯、硫酸、甲醇、甲苯、乙苯、镍、高温、噪声等职业病危害因素进行了检测。苯胺短时间接触浓度为0.30～1.46 mg/m3,时间加权平均浓度为0.30～0.32 mg/m3;硝基苯短时间接触浓度为3.30×10-3～26.67×10-3mg/m3,时间加权平均浓度为3.30×10-3～8.30×10-3mg/m3;各工种接触噪声强度为77.3～84.6 dB(A);工作场所高温测量结果为19.7～21.4℃;苯胺、硝基苯等职业病危害因素检测结果全部符合国家职业接触限值。企业连续3年的职业健康检查表明肝功异常率较高。结论硝基苯法生产4-氨基二苯胺生产过程对职工健康存在潜在影响。

Objective To understand the impact of occupational hazards on workers＇ health by nitrobenzene meth- od. Methods Occupational hazards monitoring and occupational health surveillance were applied, and the effect of occu- pational disease prevention facilities was analyzed. Results Aniline, nitrobenzene, sulfuric acid, methanol, toluene, eth- ylbenzene, nickel, high temperature and noise in the production process were determined. Aniline short - term exposure concentration was 0. 30 - 1.46 mg/m3 ,time weighted average concentration was 0. 30 -0. 32 mg/m3 , nitrobenzene short - term exposure concentration was 3. 30 × 10-3 _ 26.67 × 10-3 mg/m3 ,time weighted average concentration was 3. 30 × 10-3 - 8. 30× 10 - 3 mg/m3 ; noise intensity was 77. 3 - 84. 6 dB（A） ; wet bulb globe temperature index in the workplace was 19. 7 -21.4℃. Occupational hazards in the monitoring results all met the national occupational exposure limits. The enter- prise occupational health surveillance of 3 years in a row had shown that abnormality rate of liver function was high. Conclusion Nitrobenzene production process for production of 4 - aminodiphenylamine has an impact on workers＇ health.