广州旧城常居大龄女性妇科疾病部分调研探讨

Investigation on gynecological diseases of aged women dwelling in old districts of Guangzhou

目的分析来自广州市旧城常居大龄女性妇科病患者的发病情况，了解这一特殊群体的生殖健康状况，探讨有针对性的保健和疾病预防措施，提高医院的健康教育服务水平。方法对来自广州市当地常住的大龄已（未）婚妇科病患者共615例进行调查。结果来自广州旧城区大龄常居女性妇科患者中，主要妇科病为不孕症30．41％，阴道炎17．89％，子宫肌瘤15．12％，慢性宫颈炎10．08％。接受调查的患者中在职组妇女和居家组妇女在不孕、阴道炎、子宫肌瘤、慢性宫颈炎等均存在差异分别是：x2=57、45、21、15，P均〈0．05。结论来自广州市旧城区大龄育龄妇科病患者中，受不孕症困扰者占比例最大，大龄育龄妇女的生殖健康状况值得关注，应从青少年教育抓起，在社区、街道及各企、事业单位大力开展计划生育和生殖健康知识宣传，降低妇科疾病发病风险。同时建议在老城旧区开展妇女病普查普治工作，关注大龄育龄妇女的生殖健康问题，提高这部份妇女生殖健康水平和生活质量。

Objective To understand the reproductive health status of older reproductive aged women living in old districts of Guangzhou, discuss the women health care and prevention strategies with pertinence and improve the health education services. Methods A total of 615 aged women with gynecological diseases were investigated who dwelled in old districts of Guangzhou. Results The main gynecological diseases were infertility （30. 41% ） , vaginitis （ 17.89% ） , uterine fibroids （ 15.12% ） , and chronic cervicitis （ 10. 08% ） . The differences of the morbidities of infertility, vaginitis, uterine fibroids and chronic cervicitis were significant （X2 = 57, 45, 21, 15, respectively, P 〈 0. 05 ） between working women group and homemaker group. Conclusions Infertility is the principal disease affecting the health of older reproductive aged women dwelling in old districts of Guangzhou. Reproductive health status of these women should be con- cemed. Health education should be started from young people and the propaganda of reproductive health knowledge in the community, enterprises and institutions should be strengthened in order to reduce the risk of gynecological diseases, Meanwhile, the surveys of gynecological diseases are recommended to be carried out in old districts of Guangzhou to improve reproductive health levels and the quality of life of older reproductive aged women.