恩施市760例院外急救创伤患者流行病学分析

Analysis of epidemiology on 760 pre-hospital trauma cases in Enshi City

目的分析恩施市院外急救创伤患者的流行病学特征，为救治提供指导。方法回顾分析2010年1月-12月接诊的760例院外急救创伤患者临床资料。结果男女之比为2．50：l，20-50l岁为创伤的高发人群，占65．92％；创伤发生时间8：00-23：00处于较高水平，8：00-9：00为高峰期；23：00-8：00处于较低水平，4：00-5：00为低谷期；全年以10、11、12月份创伤发生率最高；受伤原因：交通伤72．24％，斗殴伤跌伤10．26％，坠落伤6．58％，跌伤6．05％；创伤部位分布依次是头部（45．15％）、四部（35．84％）、胸部（9．11％）、腹部（5．54％）和脊柱（4．36％）；死亡率3．68％，其中多发伤占67．86％，交通伤是最主要的死因。结论交通伤是院外急救创伤患者的首要病因。加强各类创伤的预防，建立完善的急救医疗体系，提供高质量的院外急救是降低创伤患者死亡率和伤残率的关键。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of the patients with trauma in Enshi, and provide the guidance for pre-hospital treatment. Methods The 760 trauma cases from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2010 were analyzed. Results Theratio of incidence of male to female were 2.50：1, the group between 20 to 50 years old was the high-risk groups, accounted for 65.92%; the peak of trauma were in 8 to 9am; and in a low level at 23 to 8;The accidents of trauma were ： traffic injuries（72.24% ）,fights（10.26% ）, failing injuries （6.58%）, falls （6.05%） respectively;The injury sites were： head（45.15%）,extremity（35.84%）,chest（9.11%）,abdomen （5.54% ）,spinal（4.36% ）;The mortality was 3.68% （multiple trauma 67.86% ） , traffic accidents were the most important cause for trauma death.Conclusion Traffic injury was the first cause of first-aid trauma.To Strengthen the various types of trauma prevention,establish and improve emergency medical system,providing high-quality pre-hospital care are the key to reduce mortality and disability rates in pre-hospital trauma cases.