肺栓塞患者的临床研究

Clinical research on patients with pulmonary embolism

目的探讨肺栓塞（PTE）流行病学特征，患者的发病年龄、性别分布以及危险因素、临床表现、实验室检查、诊断和治疗情况。方法对出院诊断为VrE的65例患者的临床资料进行回顾性统计。分析患者的发病年龄、性别、危险因素、临床症状、辅助检查结果和治疗转归等情况。并且将总样本分成死亡组和存活组，比较两组之间动脉血氧分压（Pa02）、二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）、D-二聚体的差异。采用SPSSl6．0软件分析，得出结果后，进行分析论证。结果65例PTE患者中，男性患者平均年龄（62．32±16．97）岁，女性患者平均年龄（65．24±11．13）岁，基础疾病会增加PTE的发生率。PTE的临床症状以呼吸困难、胸痛、咯血、晕厥为主要临床表现。死亡组D-二聚体均数高于存活组，PaO2均数低于存活组，具有显著性差异。螺旋CT肺血管造影（CTPA）为目前首选确诊方法。抗凝和溶栓是肺栓塞的主要治疗方法。结论肺血栓栓塞的发病率高，男性多于女性，可寻找到危险因素。D-二聚体及PaO2在患者预后评价中有一定参考价值。PTE的治疗仍然以抗凝和溶栓治疗为主。

Objective To discuss the epidemiology characteristics of pulmonary thromboembolism （PTE）, from all considerable aspects, including patients＇ age, sex, distribution, risk factors, symptoms, lab tests, diagnosis and the response to the treatments. Methods Retrospective analysis on the clinic data of 65 PTE patients was performed. Two groups, survival group and death group, were established based on the data obtained, and compared their respective difference in PaO2, PaCO2 and D-dimer by employing SPSS16.0 software. The results were demonstrated upon completion of an＇,dysis. Results In the 65 cases which reflected an average age of （62.32±16.97 ） in male and （65.24±1 i. 13 ） in female, the major symptoms of PTE were reflected as chest pain, dyspnea, hemoptysis, and syncope. The average D-dime of survival group was lower＇than that of the death group, and average PaO2 of survival group was higher than that of the death group, with statistical difference （P〈0.05）. Currently, CTPA is a preferred method in diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Conclusion The risk factors are considered to be found with the fact of the high VFE morbidity in general and higher morbidity in male than female. Reading on D-dimer and PaO2 carries out significant value in prognosis. Antifreeze and dissolves hitch are considered as the major methods to pulmonary thromboembolism for treatment.