从“他组织”走向自组织——关于制造哲理的沉思

From Other Organization to Self Organization——A Meditation on the Philosophy in Manufacturing

剖析传统制造模式的弊端 ,从制造系统与制造过程的复杂性说明制造模式变革的必要性 ;比较了人造系统中传统的“他组织”模式与自然系统的自组织模式的优劣 ,论述了自组织的特点和机制 ;指出从“他组织”走向自组织乃是制造业走出困境的必由之路 ,自组织将是 2 1世纪的制造哲理 ,也是新一代制造系统的重要特征 ;探讨了自组织过程对于环境的影响 ,导出了“熵污染”的概念 ,指出了减轻“熵污染”的途径 ;列出了与自组织制造模式有关的研究课题及待解决的关键问题 ,并提出从有序度和熵的角度来认识。

The weakness of traditional manufacturing mode is analyzed on the basis of a brief review of the success and the failure of industrial economy during the last two centuries. And the necessity for transforming manufacturing mode is affirmed by pointing out the huge complexity in today's manufacturing systems and processes. The advantages and disadvantages of other organization mode in man made systems, on one side, and the self organization mode in natural systems, on the other side, are compared. The nature and the mechanism of self organization are elaborated. The transform from other organization to self organization should be the only way for manufacturing to overcome the difficulties in the post industry era. Self organization will be as the philosophy in the manufacturing of next century and the main nature of the manufacturing system of next generation. The influence of self organized processes on the environment is explored and the concept of 'Entropy Pollution' is deduced. The way for lightening entropy pollution is discussed. Several research projects and key problems to be solved related to manufacturing mode of self organization are suggested. Finally, a thought of understanding, constructing and operating manufacturing systems from the viewpoint of order and entropy is presented.