320例腹泻患者病原菌分离及流行病学分析

Microbiological and epidemiological analysis of 320 acute diarrhea cases

目的了解广州市2009年至2010年肠道门诊就诊的细菌性腹泻患者病原谱的分布情况,为制定针对重点人群肠道传染病防治策略提供依据。方法收集2009年5月至2010年5月暨南大学附属第一医院腹泻患者的粪便标本,使用卡-布运送培养基,增菌培养后,采用生化反应和氧化酶试验进行菌株鉴定,并用梅里埃API生化板条进行验证,用病原菌诊断血清进行细菌分型。结果从320份粪便标本中分离到38株菌株,其中沙门菌15株,产毒大肠埃希菌12株,致病大肠埃希菌6株,志贺菌2株,出血性大肠埃希菌、霍乱弧菌、气单胞菌各1株。0～20岁年龄段高发,以1岁以内婴幼儿为主;7～10月为发病高峰期。结论来该院肠道门诊就诊的细菌性腹泻患者,其病原体以沙门菌为主,其次为产毒大肠埃希菌。因此,广州地区细菌性腹泻的预防,应有针对性的面向重点人群和重点病原菌。

Objective To study the bacterial pathogens distribution of acute diarrhea in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University. Method 320 cases of stool specimens were collected from acute diarrhea patients in the First Affiliated Hos- pital of Jinan University during May, 2009 to May, 2010. Specimens were transported by Cary-Blair transport media. Bi- omerieux API biochemistry strip and serological diagnosis were used to identify the bacteria after enrichment cultivation. Result There were 38 strains isolated from the 320 stool samples, which contained 15 strains of Salmonella, 12 strains of Bacterium coli and 3 strains of Sgigella. Patients at the age of 0 - 20 were the high risk population, especially baby under 1 year old. The peak period of diarrhea was during July and October. Conclusion Salmonella is the top-ranking pathogen in bacterial diarrhea patients who went to the intestinal disease clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, followed by Bacterium coli. Prevention and control target the high risk population and the key pathogens.