广州市食品碘含量及居民碘摄入量研究

Iodine Content of Common Food and Daily Iodine Intake of Residents in Guangzhou,China

目的分析广州市食品中碘含量并对居民碘摄入量进行研究,为食盐加碘浓度调整提供依据。方法于2005年4—10月在广州市城区范围内各大农贸市场和超市采集包括蔬菜、水果、谷物(干品)、禽肉、畜肉、蛋品、乳品、水产品等居民日常食品,同时采集居民食盐样品30份,测定其中碘含量;采用膳食调查法分别对不同收入和职业人群的膳食结构进行调查。结果动物内脏、水产品、蛋类和牛肉等食品中碘含量较高,植物性食品碘含量较低。食盐样品平均碘含量为(31.7±6.20)mg/kg,符合我国食盐加碘标准。在不食用加碘食盐的情况下,广州市不同居民膳食碘摄入量仅占推荐摄入量的48.6%～62.2%。结论在未食用加碘盐的情况下,广州市居民碘摄入量不足。根据目前食盐中碘加入量计算,食用加碘盐后碘摄入量超出RNI,但仍然低于可耐受最高摄入量。

Objective To investigate the iodine content in the common food from Guangzhou, China and the iodine intake by the local inhabitants in order to provide scientific baseline for salt iodine spiking. Methods The daily food samples including vegetables, fruits, cereals, poultries, eggs, milk and seafoods as well as thirty salt samples were collected for iodine determination during Apr.-Oct., 2005. Besides, a questionnaire based on the income, age and career of local inhabitants was designed to investigate the diet structure. Results The animal haslet, seafood, egg and beef samples were enriched in iodine, whereas plant samples contained relatively less. The average iodine content in salt sampling was （31.7＋6.20） mg/kg, according with the standard of salt iodization. The ratios of daily iodine dietary by local inhabitants in Guangzhou to the daily iodine dietary recommended intake （RNI） were 48.6%-~62.2% when consuming non-iodized salt. Conclusion The result indicated a deficiency of iodine intake for local inhabitants when consuming non-iodized salt. Base on calculating the iodine content spiking in the salt, the iodine intake for local inhabitants in Guangzhou exceeds to RNI when consuming iodized salt, but still far lower than the tolerable upper intake level （UL）.