火炮炮闩抽筒子结构优化设计

Structural Optimization Design for Breechblock Extractor

抽筒子的强度直接决定炮闩的可靠性,进而影响着舰炮的战斗力。针对抽筒子在工作过程中出现的屈服问题,以HyperWorks软件为平台,分别进行抽筒子拓扑优化和形状优化设计,为验证优化结果的正确性,运用ABAQUS软件,对炮闩的抽壳过程进行柔体动力学仿真,并分析比较优化前后炮闩的动能和内能、平均抽壳速度以及抽筒子的强度和刚度等参数的变化。计算结果表明,优化后抽筒子质量下降20.9%,工作时所受的最大应力下降13%,低于材料的屈服极限;优化后炮闩内能峰值降低3.44%,内能曲线向后推迟了0.16 ms,动能变化趋势与原始结构一致,但波动较大,平均抽壳速度减少0.442 m/s.

The reliability of breech mechanism depends on the strength of extractor directly and affects the warship fighting capacity. Aimed at the extractor yield during extracting process, its topology and shape optimizations were carried out respectively by using HyperWorks software. In order to validate the optimization results, a flexible body dynamics of the breech mechanism was simulated by using ABAQUS software. And, its kinetic energy, internal energy, average extraction speed, strength and stiffness before and after optimization were compared. The analysis results show that the mass of optimized extractor de- creases by 20.9% , and its maximal stress decreases by 13% and is lower than the yield limit; the peak of internal energy decreases by 3.44% , and the energy curves are delayed 0. 16 millisecond ; the trend of kinetic energy is similar to the original one except some fluctuation, the average extraction speed decrea- ses by 0. 442% only.