北京市服刑人员慢性非传染性疾病患病状况分析

The Prevalence of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases among the Inmates in Beijing

目的了解和掌握北京市服刑人员高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、脑血管疾病4种慢性非传染性疾病的患病状况与流行趋势,为服刑人员慢性非传染性疾病的预防控制提供科学依据。方法对北京市5所监狱年龄在35岁以上、北京籍服刑人员2408人的健康档案进行分析。分析2007和2009年服刑人员的4种慢性非传染性疾病的患病率及流行趋势。结果服刑人员高血压、冠心病、糖尿病及脑血管病的患病率,2007年分别为23.7%、1.5%、4.5%、2.6%,2009年分别为29.0%、3.2%、6.2%和3.7%,呈现升高趋势,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。入监时没有患高血压或糖尿病的服刑人员中,服刑时间较长的人员高血压患病率较低,2007和2009年的调查结果均有统计学意义(趋势χ2=5.814,P<0.05;趋势χ2=23.393,P<0.01);服刑时间较长的人员糖尿病患病率较低,仅2009年调查结果有统计学意义(χ2=10.904,P=0.001)。入监时患有高血压或糖尿病的服刑人员,2007和2009年高血压控制率分别为74.1%和70.1%,糖尿病分别为91.4%和93.1%,随着服刑时间的延长控制率均维持在较高水平。结论服刑人员慢性非传染性疾病的患病率较高,应加强服刑人员的慢性非传染病疾病的预防和治疗。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of the four chronic non--communicable diseases, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, among inmates in Beijing. Methods A total of 2 408 inmates aged 35 yrs and above were selected from 5 prisons in Beijing. A survey was conducted among them to estimate the prevalence of the selected four diseases in 2007 and 2009 among the subjects. Results The crude prevalence rates of hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes and cerebrovascular disease among them were 23.7%, 1.5%, 4.5% and 2.6%, respectively in 2007, and 29.0%, 3.2%, 6.2% and 3.7%, respectively in 2009, which were higher in 2009 than in 2007 （P〈0.05）. For the inmates who did not have hypertension or diabetes before incarcerated, with the serving sentence time prolonged, the prevalence of hypertension or diabetes in 2007 and 2009 was decreasing. For the inmates who had hypertension or diabetes before incarcerated, the crude control rates of hypertension in 2007 and 2009 were 74.1% and 70.1%, respectively; the crude control rates of diabetes were 91.4% and 93.1%, respectively. With the serving sentence time increasing, the control rates of hypertension and diabetes were still at high level. Conclusion The prevalence of chronic non-communicable disease among inmates in Beijing was at high level, which was as the same as the average prevalence in Beijing. It is needed to pay more attention to the prevention and management of non- communicable disease among the inmates.