汉语连—介词的来源及其语法化的路径和类型

Sources,paths,and types of the grammaticalization of Chinese conjunction-prepositions

本文所谓连—介词是指能够兼做并列连词的介词,汉语的连—介词至少有四个来源:(1)伴随义动词"和、跟、同"等;(2)使役义动词"唤、教";(3)给予义动词"与、给";(4)同位结构"我两个"中的数量词"两个"。文中描述了这四类连—介词语法化的动因和路径,归纳了它们语法化的三种类型;对相关的语言现象进行了具体的考证和解释;结合论题,对语法化的普遍规律进行了一些概括和说明。

A Conjunction-preposition refers to a preposition which also serves as a coordinating conjunction. They have evolved along the following paths: 1.A reanalysis occurs and then results in a dual identification shift.Through the shift,the original commitative verbs he(和),gen(跟),or tong(同)become a coordinator when no semantic subordination is observed between NP1 and NP2,and become a commitative preposition when such subordination is obvious. 2.In a non-canonical pivotal sentence,huan(唤) and jiao(教),verbs denoting calling and coercion,evolves into a conjunction-like commitative prepositions and then coordinators. 3.Following the parallelism principle,the verbs of giving,e.g. gei(给) and yu(与), undergo a similar process of reanalysis and grammaticalization under similar circumstances.And 4.The dual-like compound liangge(两个)becomes a commitative preposition via the earlier stage acting as a coordinator.