上古汉语议论语篇的结构与特点：兼论联系语篇结构分析虚词的功能

Structures and features of the argumentative texts in Old Chinese:A discourse analysis of fu(夫) and jin(今)

本文分析了上古汉语议论语篇的语篇结构,认为联系语篇结构才能更好地分析一些虚词的功能,指出议论语篇中常见的"夫"和"今"可以分析为话语标记,"夫"主要用于引入说话人或文本作者的观点,作为议论的前提;"今"主要用于引入事实,这个事实往往是需要加以议论的论题。"夫"和"今"的功能都与语篇结构密切相关。本文还分析了上古汉语议论语篇的一些常见特点,包括链式话题结构的使用、比叙述文体更多地使用排比句、使用某些特定的虚词等。

The function of fu(夫) and jin(今) in Old Chinese argumentative text should be considered from the perspective of discourse structure.As discourse markers in argumentative texts,fu(夫) introduces the thesis of the speaker and jin(今) introduces a fact which becomes the subject of argumentation.The paper also discusses some characteristics of the argumentative texts in Old Chinese,such as the use of chain-topic structures,parallel sentences,etc.