白洋淀底泥重金属形态及竖向分布

Speciation and Vertical Distribution of Heavy Metals in Sediments of Baiyangdian Lake

为了解白洋淀底泥沉积物中重金属含量及其潜在生态危害程度,选取白洋淀淀区具有代表性的7个样点,通过无扰动重力采样器采集0～14 cm表层底泥,用优化的BCR连续萃取法对底泥中重金属进行不同形态提取,对不同形态以及不同深度的重金属含量进行测定,分析不同形态重金属与底泥中总有机碳(TOC)之间的关系,并通过地累积指数(Igeo)法对底泥重金属污染程度进行评价.结果表明,Co、Fe、Mn、Pb、Zn的形态分别以残渣态、酸可溶态、铁锰氧化态以及有机结合态为主;有机结合态重金属与底泥TOC结合的趋势大于其他形态;Co、Pb、Zn含量随着深度增加总体呈降低的趋势,它们在0～2 cm底泥的含量最高,Mn的含量在6～8 cm达到最小,14 cm时含量达到最大;白洋淀淀区底泥中Co、Mn污染程度主要为无污染或轻度污染,Pb、Zn除府河入口外主要为轻度污染,府河入口处的Pb、Zn为中度污染.

In order to find out the heavy metal concentrations and their potential ecological risks on sediments in Baiyangdian Lake, 0- 14 cm surface sediments had been collected by the no-disturbance-gravity sampler at seven representative sampling points of Baiyangdian Lake. Optimized BCR sequential extraction procedure was used to carry out the analysis of heavy metal forms in the surface sediments. The heavy metal contents of different forms and in different depths were determined. The relationship between different forms of heavy metal and total organic carbon （TOC） in the sediments was analyzed. The geo-accumulation index （Isoo） was employed to evaluate the extent of heavy metal contamination. The results demonstrated that Co, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn were mainly in residual form, acid soluble form, Fe-Mn oxide and organic matter bound forms respectively. The tendency of organic bound form of heavy metals and TOC of sediments was greater than the others. The concentration of Co, Pb, Zn decreased with the increase of sediment depth, with the maximal concentration was between 0-2 cm, while the concentration of Mn was the minimal between 6-8 cm and the maximal was at 14 cm. Baiyangdian sediments were not contaminated as a whole by Co, Mn, apart from medium pollution in the entrance of the Fuhe River. The other regions were lightly polluted by Zn and Pb.