论地理系统模拟基本模型

On the Geographic System Simulation Basic Model

地理计算模型和地理信息系统(GIS)的集成是实验地理学研究急需解决的技术难点。地理系统丰富的内容、复杂的结构和功能的多样性,给人们分析、模拟地理系统带来了挑战。本文针对众多地理计算模型侧重表达、地理分析,多方法应用、众多模型无法筛选等现状,从计算地理学、地图学、地理信息科学等前沿需求出发,将地理系统模拟的基本模型归纳为在GIS平台支持下由点-多智能体(AB)、面-元胞自动机(CA)、流-系统动力学(SD)构成的地理系统模拟基本模型,并探讨了地理系统模拟基本模型的框架、结构与通讯,深入解析了各模型的原理、集成的关键技术与应用途径,为地理系统模型进一步发展及地理系统模拟平台研制与开发提供参考。

The integration of geographic computing model and geo graphic information system （GIS） is the technical difficulties of ex perimental geography. Geographical systems, having rich content, complex structural and diverse functions, gave rise to the challenge of geographic system analysis and simulation. In this paper, to solve these problems, such as geocomputation model focused ex pression, geographical analysis model focused on modeling, and blindly selected geographical simulation model, the author put for ward the concept of a geographic system simulation basic model （GSBM） after analysing the demand of geographic calculation, car tography and geographic information science. GSBM is composed of GISbased platform, pointmultiagent （AB）, surfacecellular au tomata （CA） and flowsystem dynamics （SD）. The framework, structure and communications of GSBM are discussed and the prin ciple of the model, the integration of key technologies and applica tion ways are analyzed deeply. This article provides a reference framework for the research and development of geographical sys tem simulation nlatform in future.