试论工程规则及其基本特性——基于客观知识的视角

On Engineering Rule and Its Fundamental Properties——The Perspective of Objective Knowledge

工程规则是工程实践活动中一种重要的客观知识。在客观知识视角下,工程规则是工程活动主体在工程建造过程中为实现工程目标而运用的具有可操作性的显性知识体系;工程操作指南、手册、规范、标准等是工程规则主要的具体形态;"如何去做"的知识和"做的尺度"的知识共同构成工程规则的知识体系;工程规则具有客观性、自主性、进化性、工具性、层次性、社会性等基本特性。

Engineering rule is an important kind of objective knowledge in engineering practice. Engineering rule is an operational and explicit knowledge system used by subjects of engineering activities for accomplishing goal of engineering in engineering activities in the perspective of objective knowledge. Instructions and procedures, handbooks and manuals, standards and specifications in engineering are specific forms of en- gineering rule. Knowledge of ＂how to do＂ and ＂scale of doing＂ together constitute knowledge system of engineering rule. Engineering rule has the fundamental properties of objectivity, autonomy, evolutionality, instrumentality, hierarchy, sociality and etc.