有机膨胀型氮磷阻燃剂的合成及应用研究

Study on Synthesis and Application of Organic Intumescent N/P Flame Retardants

以双酚A、三氯氧磷和三聚氰胺为原料,通过两步反应合成了膨胀型阻燃剂双酚A双磷酸三聚氰胺盐。采用单因素法确定了最佳合成工艺:第一步反应最佳条件是三氯氧磷/双酚A摩尔比2.2、反应温度70℃、反应时间5h;第二步反应最佳条件是中间体/三聚氰胺摩尔比1/2、反应温度100℃、反应时间3h;产品收率达到87.6%。采用极限氧指数法和垂直燃烧法测试了该阻燃剂阻燃聚丙烯材料的燃烧性能。结果表明,当15%的双酚A双磷酸三聚氰胺盐与5%的聚磷酸铵复配后时,阻燃聚丙烯的极限氧指数达到33%,垂直燃烧性能达到V-0级。

An intumescent flame retardant was synthesized from phosphorus oxychloride, bisphenol A, and melamine via two steps. The suitable synthesis conditions were found as follows： in the first step, the molar ratio of ＇phosphorus oxychloride/bisphenol A was 2.2, the reaction temperature was 70℃, and the reaction time was 5 h; in the second step, the molar ratio of intermediate product/melamine was 1/2, the reaction temperature was 100 ℃, and the reaction time was 3 h;the yield of the products reached 87.6 %. When 15% intumescent flame retardant with 5% ammonium polyphosphate were introduced into polypropylene, the obtained oxygen index was 33 %, and the vertical combustion performance reached V-0 level.