咪唑型离子液体对聚氨酯硬泡阻燃性能的影响研究

The Study in Effect of Imidazole Ionic Liquid on the Flame Retardancy of Rigid Polyurethane Foam

研究了咪唑型离子液体阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫的可能性,分析了离子液体的种类、用量对硬质聚氨酯泡沫氧指数、水平燃烧速度、热分解性能的影响。结果表明,咪唑型离子液体对硬质聚氨酯泡沫有很好的阻燃效果,与1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([BMIM]BF4)相比,1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([BMIM]PF6)的阻燃效果较好,氧指数随着离子液体的添加量增加而增加,当添加[BMIM]PF6质量分数为25%(相对组合聚醚)时,阻燃效果最好,可使氧指数达到24.2,水平燃烧速度降低,具有很好的自熄性。通过热分析可以看出,添加[BMIM]PF6离子液体后可以提高热分解温度,分解残留物增加,放热量大大减小,可有效抑制硬质聚氨酯泡沬的分解,提高其热稳定性。

The possibility was study on imidazole ionic liquid as flame retardant for rigid polyurethane foam. The effect of ionic liquid on flame retardancy, LOI, level burning rate, thermal degradation were investigated by means of vary the type and the content of ionic liquid. The results showed that imidazole ionic liquid was an better flame retardant for rigid polyurethane foam. And hydrophobic 1-buthyl-3-methy-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate （[ BMIM] PF6 ） flame retardant effect was better than 1-buthyl-3-methy-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate （[ BMIM BF4 ）. LOI increased along with the ionic liquid recruitment and the LOI up to 24. 2 when the ionic liquid content was 25% ,the level burning rate decreased and the foam had well self-extinguishment. Thermal degradation data showed that ionic liquid could improve initial decomposition temperature and reminder yield of rigid polyurethane foam, and then heat release reduced, the decomposition controlled ,thermal stability increased.