基于可达性的中小文化旅游城市旅游潜力分析

Tourism Potential Analysis of the Medium and Small-sized Cultural Tourist Cities Based on Accessibility

旅游潜力是旅游产业发展规划研究的重要内容之一。旅游交通可达性作为城市旅游发展及潜力挖掘的先行条件,一直是中小旅游城市旅游屏蔽效应下突破瓶颈的关键环节。目前旅游潜力相关研究多从市场和资源开发的角度结合某一类型旅游形式对大中城市的旅游潜力进行评价,而从不同尺度的区域交通影响角度结合旅游可达性对中小城市旅游潜力的研究较少。本文基于构建的可达性评价指标体系从中观尺度对全国范围内34个中小文化旅游城市所属地市的旅游交通可达性进行评价;基于1 h、2 h、3 h交通圈层从微观尺度对全国范围内34个中小文化旅游城市时间可达腹地的旅游交通可达性进行分析,并结合评价分析结果对中小文化旅游城市交通可达因素影响下的旅游潜力进行分析。结果表明:中小文化旅游城市所属地市市域范围内的交通可达系数与其旅游潜力具有较高的相关性。四川盆地附近、长江下游及三角洲附近市域范围内可达性高的城市会极大提高其下辖中小旅游城市的可进入性,而成为其下辖中小文化旅游城市的客源中转站和重要客源潜力市场。所属地市和邻近县市较高的经济产出和良好的交通可达条件可以为中小文化旅游城市提供必要的经济支持和旅游集散功能条件,从而使这些地区的中小文化旅游城市旅游潜力比其他地区拥有更多的比较优势。

Tourism potential is an important part of tourism industry planning studies. As the antecedent condition of tourism development and potentiality exploitation of cities, tourism traffic accessibility is always the key to breakthrough the bottleneck of tourism, especially in the medium and small sized cultural tourist cities that are under the effect of shielding in tourism development. There is a large quantity of tourism potential measure- ments and evaluations based on a certain type of tourism from the perspectives of markets and resources in the large and medium-sized cities, but relatively few studies are available on the tourism potential study of the medi- um and small sized cultural tourist cities by using accessibility concepts of tourism affected by the traffic of dif- ferent scales of regions. With the building of evaluation index system, this article evaluates the tourism traffic ac- cessibility for the nationwide 34 medium and small sized cultural tourist cities from macro scale, and analyzes the tourism traffic accessibility in the region of time accessibility hinterland based on lh, 2h and 3h traffic cir- cles on the micro scale. Combined with the evaluation and analysis results, we analyzed the tourism potential un- der the influence of the tourism traffic accessibility, and drew the conclusions that the tourism potential displays a high coefficient of correlation with the coefficient of traffic accessibility in medium and small sized cultural tourist cities. What is more, near the Sichuan Basin, the downstream and delta of the Yangtze River, cities with a high traffic accessibility coefficient will enhance the tourism accessibility of the small and medium-sized tour- ist cities under their governance, and will become the tourists stopover stations or important tourists potential markets of the medium and small sized cultural tourist cities. The higher economic output and better traffic con- ditions of the country regions and the adjacent areas provide the necessary financial support, the travel gathering and diffusing function conditions for the small and medium-sized tourist cities, and thus, the small cultural tour- ist cities have more comparative advantages on tourism potential compared to other areas.