北疆滴灌春小麦土壤水盐分布特点研究

Distribution Characteristics of Soil Water and Salt of Spring Wheat Field under Drip Irrigation in North Xinjiang

新疆滴灌技术已在小麦作物上推广应用,但滴灌小麦农田大多受盐碱危害,为研究滴灌小麦水盐分布特点,通过测坑试验,分析了小麦各生育期土壤剖面上的水盐分布,结果表明,小麦滴灌条件下土壤水盐分布垂直方向受影响深度主要在0～60cm土层,在0～20cm土层水盐变化最为剧烈。土壤盐分分布变化范围和水分变化范围基本吻合。在0～100cm土壤剖面内,土壤含水量的分布呈随土层深度呈先降低后升高的趋势,而土壤盐分则基本上呈现先增加后减少再增加的分布特点。

Drip irrigation technology has been applied in wheat crops in Xinjiang, but wheat fields under drip irrigation were mostly in- fluenced by the salinity hazard. To study the distribution characteristic of water and salt for drip irrigation wheat, the water and salt distribution in the soil profile during all the wheat growing periods are analyzed through tested holes. The results show that for the wheat under drip irrigation, the affected depth of the soil water and salt distribution in the vertical direction is in the 0~60 cm, the soil layer, in which the soil water and salt change most dramatically, is in the 0~20 cm. The soil salinity distribution range of varia- tion is accorded with the moisture content range of variation. In the 0~100 cm soil profile, the change tendency of the soil moisture content distribution along the soil layer depth assumes decreasing firstly then increasing, while the distributed characteristic of soil salinity presents the tendency of increasing --decreasing-increasing.