渤海陆源入海排污口的多尺度遥感监测分析

Land-sourced Sewage Outfalls Monitoring in Circum-Bohai Region Using Multi-scale Remote Sensing Data

陆源入海排污口是主要的海洋污染源之一,陆源入海排污口调查是海洋环境监测的重要内容。故此,针对陆源入海排污口监测与评价的业务需求,参照现行"陆源入海排污口及邻近海域生态环境监测指南"(HY/T086-2005),在综合考虑各类卫星传感器应用能力与经济性的基础上,研究提出了一种利用多尺度卫星遥感数据对陆源入海排污口监测的方法。通过中分辨率卫星遥感数据的水质参数反演,结合水体光谱特征,进行渤海海域水质评价,划分重点监测区域,再利用高分辨率遥感影像,进行排污口的解译与制图。试验结果表明,该方法可以准确识别陆源入海排污口的分布及污染类型,对该区环境整治具有深远科学意义。

Land-sourced sewage outfall is one of the main marine pollution sources.Monitoring of land-sourced sewage outfalls is the main content of marine environmental monitoring.However,due to the limitation of remote sensing technology,there are very few reports about land-sourced sewage outfalls monitoring using remote sensing technology,although it is the main information dectection technology for a large area.To meet the needs of land-sourced sewage outfalls monitoring,this paper proposed a novel land-sourced sewage outfalls monitoring method using remote sensing technology by referencing to the current ＂land-sourced sewage outfall and adjacent marine ecological environment monitoring Guide＂（HY/T086-2005） of China.Considering the ability and the economic effectiveness of different satellite data,multi scale remote sensing data was used in this method.With multi scale remote sensing data,the observed ground water quality parameters and spectral data,water quality parameters were extracted.Then Bohai Sea water quality was assessed by water quality parameters and spectral characteristics.And the key monitoring area was found out based on the result of water quality assessment.Finally,positions of land-sourced sewage outfalls were detected using high resolution remote sensing data in the key monitoring area.Validation of this method was conducted in the circum-Bohai region,China,and high positioning accuracy was acquired.Using this method,efficiency of land-sourced sewage outfalls monitoring can be improved greatly,while the cost and workload can be substantially reduced.