所有制类型间工业技术进步与技术效率比较——基于工业部门省际面板数据的经验研究

Comparison of Technological Progress and Technical Efficiency among Ownerships in Industry——Empirical Research Based on Provincial Panel Data in Industry

利用2003～2009年中国工业部门中国有企业、私营企业、外商和港澳台投资企业的省际面板数据,通过选用随机前沿分析,对三类所有制企业的技术进步与技术效率进行了测算和比较。研究结果表明:(1)2003～2009年,私营企业前沿技术进步率呈现增加的趋势,国有企业与外商和港澳台投资企业前沿技术进步率呈现递减的趋势;(2)2003～2009年,私营企业平均技术效率水平最高,其次为国有企业,外商和港澳台投资企业的平均技术效率水平最低;(3)三类所有制企业间技术效率的集聚在省域的分布上是有差异的,省份之间技术效率集聚的所有制类型既有相似性,又有异质性。

The paper measures and compares technological progress and technical efficiency of state-owned enterprises, private enterprises, foreign-invested enterprises and those from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan through stochastic frontier analysis based on the provincial panel data of these ownerships in Chinese industry from 2003 to 2009. The main conclusions include： （1） from 2003 to 2009, the rate of technological progress of private enterprises is tended to be increased, and the rates of technological progress of state-owned enterprises, foreign-invested enterprises and those from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are tended to be decreased; （2） the average level of technical efficiency of state-owned enterprises is higher than that of foreign-invested enterprises and those from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan but is lower than that of private enterprises;（3） the provincial distribution of the concentration of tech- nical efficiency among these enterprises is different, and the ownership of the concentration of technical efficiency between provinces has both similarity and heterogeneity.