转基因抗虫棉对赤子爱胜蚓生长、生殖及SOD活性的影响

Effect of transgenic pest-resistant cotton on the growth,reproduction and SOD activity of Eisenia foetida

转基因抗虫棉给人类带来经济效益的同时,也存在生物安全性问题。蚯蚓通过影响土壤的物理和生物性质使土壤肥力发生变化。目前国内外针对转基因抗虫棉对蚯蚓的影响研究十分有限,本研究通过室内喂养试验研究了转基因抗虫棉对赤子爱胜蚓生长、生殖及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的影响。试验设置5个处理:100 g牛粪+500 g土壤(CK)、50 g转基因抗虫棉叶+550 g土壤(50T)、100 g转基因抗虫棉叶+500 g土壤(100T)、50 g非转基因抗虫棉叶+550 g土壤(50NT)、100 g非转基因抗虫棉叶+500 g土壤(100NT)。结果表明,喂养同等剂量转基因抗虫棉叶与非转基因抗虫棉叶的蚯蚓体重变化趋势基本一致,总体来说喂养100 g棉叶(100T和100NT处理)的蚯蚓体重高于喂养50 g棉叶(50T和50NT处理)和喂养牛粪(CK)的蚯蚓。在培养试验结束时,喂养100 g转基因抗虫棉叶(100T处理)蚯蚓体重下降为前一次测定时的23.8%。喂养同等剂量的转基因抗虫棉叶和非转基因抗虫棉叶的蚯蚓茧数和新产生的小蚓数无显著差异(在0 27和0 57之间变化),但喂养100 g转基因抗虫棉叶(100T处理)的小蚓数低于其他处理。在大多数培养时间内,同等剂量转基因抗虫棉叶处理对蚯蚓体内SOD活性的影响与非转基因抗虫棉叶处理差异不显著,但是在试验结束时(201 d),喂养50 g棉叶(50T和50NT处理)的蚯蚓体内SOD活性显著高于喂养100 g棉叶(100T和100NT处理)的蚯蚓。

While as much as transgenic pest-resistant cotton cultivation economically benefits humanity,it also affects ecosystem bio-safety.Studies have shown that earthworm improves soil fertility via enriching soil physical and biological properties.However,few studies have reported on the effects of transgenic pest-resistant cotton on soil earthworms.This work studied the effects of trans-genic pest-resistant cotton on the growth,reproduction and superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity of field-fed earthworms（Eisenia foetida）.The five treatments of the experiment included 100 g cow manure ＋ 500 g soil（CK）,50 g transgenic cotton leaf ＋ 550 g soil（50T）,100 g transgenic cotton leaf ＋ 500 g soil（100T）,50 g non-transgenic cotton leaf ＋ 550 g soil（50NT）,and 100 g non-transgenic cotton leaf ＋ 500 g soil（100NT）.Results showed similar varied trends in the body weights of earthworms fed on the same doses transgenic and non-transgenic cotton leaves.In general,the body weights of earthworms fed on 100 g cotton leaf（100T and 100NT） were higher than those fed on 50 g cotton leaf（50T and 50NT） and cow dung（CK）.At the end of the experiment,how-ever,the body weights of earthworm fed on 100 g transgenic cotton leaf dropped to 23.8% of the previous measurement.There were no significant differences in numbers of earthworm cocoons（0~27） and new earthworms（0~57） between earthworms fed on the same doses of transgenic and non-transgenic cotton leaf.However,the number of new earthworms fed on 100 g transgenic cotton leaf（100T） was lower than those for the other treatments.For the most incubation period,SOD activity of earthworms fed on trans-genic cotton leaf was not significantly different from those fed on the same doses of non-transgenic cotton leaf.At the end of the experiment after 201 days,SOD activity of earthworms in the 50T and 50NT treatments were significantly higher than those in the 100T and 100NT treatments.