负责任渔业的兴起、发展与困境

Responsible fisheries and its emergence,evolution and challenge

负责任渔业是FAO为应对全球性渔业危机而制订的战略框架,其代表性纲领是1995年推出的《负责任渔业行为守则》。文章基于FAO公布的数据和信息,采用归纳、概括和文本分析的方法,系统回顾了负责任渔业的起源与发展轨迹,介绍了COFI在推动负责任渔业中的地位和作用,探讨了负责任渔业发展中存在的问题,考察了负责任渔业框架下我国渔业的发展状况,最后强调指出贯彻预防原则是摆脱渔业困境必须采取的手段之一。论文认为:(1)仅靠COFI自身的力量不足以完成负责任渔业的使命;(2)负责任渔业在可操作性、法律效力、总体成效、全球参与率以及概念本身等方面存在诸多缺陷。

Responsible Fisheries is the strategic framework of FAO in response to the global fisheries crisis, and its representation of program was ＂Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries＂ which was brought out in 1995. Based on the statistics and information released by FAO, this paper had a research on Responsible Fisheries by means of induction and generalization as well as text analysis. As for the Responsible Fisheries, the article systemically reviews its historical track, explores the problems in its development, introduces the role of COFI, studies the status of Chinese fisheries under the framework and finally stresses that implementing the precautionary principle is one of the means that must be taken to get rid of current fishery plight. The author pointed out that （1） the strength of COFI itself is insufficient;（2）There are many defects in aspects of operability, legal effect, overall effectiveness and global participation rate as well as the limitations of concept itself, etc.