我国海水养殖业生产要素弹性实证研究——基于超越对数生产函数

An empirical study on production factors' elasticity of water aquiculture in China:based on trans-log production function

本文结合我国海水养殖业的现状和特征,构建了海水养殖的超越对数生产函数模型,采用1980—2010年的时间序列,考察资本、劳动和养殖面积的产出弹性和替代弹性及边际产出。模型结果显示:劳动产出弹性为负值,资本的产出弹性下降,养殖面积的产出小,呈弹性缓慢爬升态势;资本劳动的替代弹性显著,资本、劳动对养殖面积的替代弹性较低;生产要素的边际产出均呈明显的递减趋势。海水养殖业生产要素的规模报酬、边际产出和平均产出不同程度的呈现递减趋势,依然保留依赖扩大养殖水域面积进行简单再生产的特征,迫切需要转变增长方式以提高产出效率。

Based on the current situation and basic features, this paper forms a Trans-log Production Function model on seawater aquiculture, and a quantitative analysis is made on the output elasticity, substitution elasticity and marginal production of inputting essential factors of production, such as capital, labor forces and seawater aquiculture areas. The results show that ： firstly, the output elasticity of labor is less than zero, the one of capital appears decline tendency and the one of area makes slow progress; secondly, the substitution elasticity between labor and capital is notable, and the effects between area and labor and capital are lower; thirdly, all of the marginal production of factors show notable decrease progressively tendency. The conclusion is that, the seawater aquiculture faces decrease progressively tendency in varying degree of factors on returns to scale, marginal production and average production, retains feathers of simple reproduction depending on enlarging seawater aquiculture areas, and needs urgently transformed development model to improve productivity.