市场潜能、外来人口对区域工资的影响实证分析——以东西部地区差距为视角

Empirical Analysis of the Effects of Market Potential and Floating Population on Regional Wages from the Angle of the Disparity between Eastern and Western Regions

本文使用2005-2007年全国地级市数据,估计从标准的新经济地理学模型导出的工资方程,并引入外来人口变量进行实证研究。结果显示,外来人口变量对区域城市工资存在正向影响,说明外来人口引致市场潜能增加并导致区域工资上升的价格效应在全国研究层次得到证实,也反映了当前我国外来人口跨区流动平抑市场潜能的数量效应暂时还没有显现。与东部和全国情况不同,中西部地区由于市场潜能低、经济聚集度小因而对区域工资影响不显著。在这种形势下,鼓励外来人口在当地就业,以及加强中西部地区市场潜能和经济集聚度对平衡地区差距是有益的选择。

Based on the data of prefecture-level cites in China from 2005 to 2007, this paper estimates the wage equation derived from the standard new economic geography mod- el, and also makes an empirical research by introducing floating population. The results show that floating population has a positive effect on regional urban wages, which confirm that floating population leads to the increase in market potential and regional urban wages and reflects that the quantity effect, namely the effect of cross-region mobility of floating population on decreasing market potential, has not yet been significant. Different from the eastern region and the nation, owing to low market potential and small economic accumula- tion, the effect of floating population on regional wages is not significant in central and west- ern regions. Therefore, it is useful to encourage the local employment of floating popula- tion, and enhance market potential and economic accumulation in central and western regions in order to shorten regional disparity.