轿车双侧顶盖抗压性能的虚拟实验评估

Virtual Testing for the Assessment of Double-sided Roof Crush Behavior

研究了小型汽车在双侧顶盖抗压试验中的安全性能,评估了不同滚动角及俯仰角组合对顶盖强度的影响,并分析了顶盖近侧及远侧之间抗压性能的差异.通过顶盖抗压试验对汽车的有限元模型进行验证;基于不同滚动角度及俯仰角度进行全因子正交试验设计.虚拟试验结果表明:俯仰角和滚动角的变化对顶盖抗压性能有显著影响,在127mm(5inch)的压缩行程中,当俯仰角相同时,在10°～45°滚动角范围内随着角度增加顶盖两侧强度持续下降;而当滚动角相同时,在5°～15°俯仰角范围内随着角度增加顶盖两侧强度逐渐减弱.总体来看,近侧顶盖的强度性能明显高于远侧.

This paper investigated the safety behavior of a small car subjected to double-sided roof crush test, assessing the effect of different pitch and roll angle combinations on the roof crush strength and eval- uating the difference in strength between near and far sides. A finite element model of Ford Fiesta was ini- tially validated against the roof crush test, and was subsequently employed in virtual testing according to a full factorial method DOE （design of experiments） based on the variations of roll and pitch angles. The re- sults have shown that the roll and pitch angles are a function of roof strength and greatly influence the o- verall collapse behavior. Within a 127 mm crush distance （5 inches）, the strength of the two-sided roof de- creases as the roll angle varies from 10° to 45° with a fixed pitch angle; the strength of the two-sided roof decreases as the roll angle increases from 5° to 15° with a fixed roll angle. Furthermore, the roof on the near side generally performs better and more strongly than the far side.