精神病专科医院与综合医院护士工作压力源及心理健康状况关系的比较

Comparisons of Psychological Conditions and Job Stresses Sources of Nurses from Mental Hospital and General Hospital

目的:探讨兰州市第三人民医院(精神病专科医院)与兰州市第一人民医院(综合医院)护士工作压力源、心理健康状况及其相互间的关系。方法:采用护士工作压力源量表,症状自评量表(SCL-90)对精神病专科医院和综合医院共172名临床护士进行问卷调查。发放调查表172份,其中精神病专科医院护士72份,综合医院护士100份。结果:压力源量表中病人护理方面的问题,管理及人际关系方面的问题,精神病专科医院护士评分高于综合医院护士,SCL-90中除精神病性差异有显著意义(P<0.05)外,其他项目比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。工作压力源与心理健康水平呈显著正相关,其相关系数较大的为护理方面的问题、管理及人际关系方面的问题。结论:精神病专科医院护士工作压力较大,医院管理者及护士自身应引起足够的重视。精神病专科医院与综合医院护士心理健康状况处在同一水平,工作压力源是影响心理健康的一个重要因素。建议管理者有意识地减轻护士工作压力源,并对护士进行减压训练,以维护其心理健康。

Objective： To investigate psychological conditions, job stresses sources and their mutual relationship of nurses from hospital specializing psychosis （The Third People＇s Hospital of Lanzhou） and general hospital （The First People＇s Hospital of Lanzhou）. Method： All 172 nurses from mental hospital and general hospital were investigated with job stresses source scale of nurses and symptoms scale（SCL-90）. All 172 copies of questionnaires were distributed to 72 nurses in mental hospital and 100 nurses in general hospital. Result： The scores of nurses from mental hospital were higher than that of nurses from general hospital in patients nursing, managements and personal relations for job stresses source scale of nurses, except that comparison of mental factors showed remarkable differences （P〈0.05） in SCL-90, comparisons of other items suggested no notable difference （P〉0.05）. There was the positive correlation between job stresses source and degree of mental health, the biggest correlation coefficients included patients nursing, managements and personal relations. Conclusion： Administrators and nurses themselves should pay enough attention to the fact that nurses from mental hospital work under too much stresses. Psychological conditions of nurses from mental and general hospital are in the same level, job pressure is an important factor affecting mental health. Administrators are wished to take measures intensively to reduce the sources of job pressures of nurses, organize the training against the pressure and keep mental health of nurses.