全国优秀博士学位论文分布存在马太效应吗

Does the Matthew Effect Exist in the Distribution of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertations?

全国优秀博士学位论文分布呈现非均衡性,但并不能由此得出此项分布存在马太效应的结论。从总量、学科门类、一级学科三个维度的定量分析发现,存在马太效应的单位分别有7个、9个、4个,仅占15.56%、15.79%、10.00%的比例,而存在"反马太效应"的单位分别有32个、43个、33个,所占比例分别高达71.11%、75.44%、82.50%,这与高等教育多元化的趋势也是相一致的。

Although the distribution of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertations（NEDD） is in non-equilibrium,it does not necessarily indicate the existence of the Matthew effect.A quantitative analysis of the NEDD distribution encompassing the total number,types of programs,and number of first-level disciplines shows that there is a Matthew effect as reflected by 7 units winning NEDDs which account for 15.56% of the total number,9 types of programs（15.79%） and 4 first-level disciplines（10.00%）.In comparison,there is an anti-Matthew effect with 32 units winning NEDDs which account for 71.11% of the total number,43 types of programs（75.44%） and 33 first-level disciplines（82.50%）.The findings are consistent with the tendency of higher education diversification.